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This unit explains the various methods of evaluating a student’s aptitude and progress. There are a number of ways to assess students such as via homework, course unit tests, half-year exams, end-of-year exams and external tests. Tests are formal means of assessing students. There are various types of tests used. A placement test assesses all four skills; reading, listening, writing and speaking and is progressive on a scale of easy to difficult. A diagnostic test is similar to placement tests but is more extensive. Diagnostic tests give information about the students’ current strengths and weaknesses give teachers an indication of the aptitude of a student and allow teachers to focus lesson plan on the gap in students’ knowledge. A progress test tests for all four skills are often required by the school or language centre, is conducted within different time frames and indicates the areas the students are having difficulty with and suggests teachers should revise those areas. A practice test is used to give the students an idea of the structure of the external exam, is used for revision purpose, used for internal and external exams as well as should be as similar as possible to the style and content of the real exam.
There are three types of external proficiency tests such as general English test, business English tests and academic E English tests. General English tests include five levels of Cambridge assessments; Key English Test (KET), Preliminary English Test (PET), First Certificate in English (FCE), Certification in Advanced English (CAE), Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE) and Certificate in English Language Skills (CELS). There are three commonly used business English tests such as the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC), Business English Certificates (BEC) and Business Language Testing Service) (BULATS). TOEIC covers all four skills, is used widely by companies and agencies throughout the world for employment and promotion. BEC entails three levels; preliminary, vantage and higher. Finally, BULATS is a multilingual assessment used by companies. There are two academic English tests; Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and International English Language Testing System (IELTS). TOEFL is used by most American universities as an entry requirement, is recognised in over 90 countries and can be done as a paper test or an online test. IELTS covers all four skills, is used as an entry-level exam for universities as well and students are given a choice for reading and writing skills.
It is important for teachers to know the students’ motivation for learning English and the level of language capability to be able to guide them towards their external exams and tests. The various test help monitor a students’ progress from the start till the end.
