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When introduce a communicative activity to the students, teachers must create the need and desire, in the students, to communicate. If these factors are not present, it is far less likely that the activity will be the success.?
Difference between accuracy and fluency activities:?Accuracy activities usually are parts of the study phase; Fluency activities usually are parts of the activate phase. We are more concerned with the effectiveness and flow of the communication.?They carry equal importance.?Speaking activities in the classroom:?-
Controlled activities (is controlled by the teacher). Drilling, say the word or phase and ask the whole group to repeat. Do this 3 times. Follow this by calling on 3 individuals by name, in turn. Prompting, pre-planned question and answer is the most obvious example.?-
Guided activities. The output is still controlled by the teacher but the exact language isn’t. Modal dialogues; Guided role-play.?
Creative communication. The scenario is usually created by the teacher. It includes free role-play, discussions, information gap, debate, simulation and communication game.??
Guidelines for a free/creative speaking activity:?
1 Before the lesson?Decide on your aims: what you want to do and why.?Predict the students. Will they have something to speak about? Are they capable of doing the activity successfully? Do they have the necessary language? Will the students find the activity interesting, useful, fun??How long the activity will take??Prepare any necessary materials.?Work out your instructions.??-
2During the activity?Arouse the students’ interest through visuals, etc. Try to relate the topic to the students’ own interests and experience.?Perhaps leaving the useful structures or vocabulary on the board for reference.?Set up the activity by giving clear instructions and checking their understanding.?Give students enough time to prepare.?Make the activity even more ‘process’ rather than ‘product’?Do not interrupt; keep a low profile; watch the pace.?Don’t jump in with instant corrections. Don’t over-correct.??
3 After the activity Provide feedback, focus on what the students are able to do and improvment, Mention the comment mistake and practice in another class, disscuss the individual mistake with students in private and let them practice more at home.
Writing skills?-Handwriting?-Spelling?-Layout and punctuation?-Creative writing
