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Unit 3 covers different types of teaching practices and when it is best to use which kind. There are many methodologies when it comes to teaching language. Grammar translation focuses on the correlation between the native language and the language the student is learning. It is a type of translation, but it does not help the student with natural language input, and it requires the teacher to be very skilled in the students' native language. Audio-lingualism focuses on many repetition-drills so students will learn the foreign language through a matter of conditioning. This methodology went out of style because it was merely having the student form habits rather than understand then language. Presentation, Practice, and Procedure (PPP)follows a three-step process where the teacher explains the explains the lesson, have students practice the content, and then the students apply the newly-learned knowledge. In task-based learning, students are given a task to complete in English. Communicative Language Teaching stresses the importance of language functions and focuses less on grammar. Community Language Learning has the students teach each other using their own topics. The Silent Way has the teacher remain silent while the students approach English for themselves. Suggestopaedia takes a more relaxed approach which increases in intake on information. The Lexical Approach, the last approach discussed in this chapter has students practicing words and phrases to help build a dialogue of information.
The second half of this unit focused on creating an ESA Lesson Plan. ESA stands for Engage, Study, and Activate. These three stages come with different activities and goals. Engage is where the teacher motivates the student about the new topic through pictures, games, videos, radio, and short texts (such as stories). The Study phase is where the student really focuses on the grammatical side of the English language. This can involve pronunciation practice, word scrambles, and analyzing text samples. The final stage is Activate. This is where students really get to apply the knowledge that they have learned. Activities can involve surveys, role-playing, debates, and story building. There is a Patchwork lesson where the teacher can have as many Engage, Activate, and Study sessions in the lesson plan as long as it begins with Engage and ends with Activate. The Boomerang sequence is used to let the teacher know what the student needs before teaching the lesson.
Overall, this unit was helpful in learning the several approaches and which situation is best suited for the teacher's type of learners.
