Pickering Beach, Delaware TESOL Online & Teaching English Jobs

Grammar is the structure of a language. Each word can be analysed as basic parts of the speech in a sentence. Basic Parts of Speech are: Nouns: Nouns are names of people, animals, things, place... Subject nouns and object nouns - Common nouns: chair, table, house, pencil... - Proper nouns: Cyprus, Anabela, England, Northern Ireland... - Compound nouns: classroom, post office, broomstick... - Collective nouns: family, herd, flock, posse... - Abstract nouns: intelligence, democracy, happiness, beauty... Adjectives: Adjectives describe the noun: The most 'descriptive' group type sequence used is as follows - size > age > colour > material > noun i.e. big old blue plastic table. - Comparatives: bigger, quicker, faster, slower... - Superlative: biggest, quickest, fastest, slowest... - Irregular Comparative and Superlatives: good, better, best and bad, worse, worst. Verbs: Verbs are actions or state words in a sentence. - Action verbs: doing verbs - play, run, walk, sit, stand... - State words: sensory verbs - feel, seem, smell, be... Verb placement suggests on whether it's a transitive or intransitive verb. Or if it's an infinitive verb in the sentence. - Transitive verbs: Verbs that are followed by the object noun. 'Jenny sat on the chair.' 'Tom hugged me.' - Intransitive verbs: Verbs that are not followed by the object noun. 'England lost.' 'Let's sit.' - Infinitives: When the word 'to' is added to any base form verb i.e. to cry, to play, to jump, to sleep Every verb has a base form so we can correctly apply the verb's tenses in a sentence. A verb tense will tell us what tense the sentence will be constructed in. base form, past simple, past participle, present participle begin began begun beginning drive driven drove driving - Auxiliary verbs: do, have, be base form, past simple, past participle, present participle be am, is were, was been do do, does did done have have, has had had Articles: Definite article 'the' or indefinite articles 'a' or 'an' and '0' zero article used before the noun. - Definite article: 'The cat sleeps.' - Indefinite article: Articles are primarily combined by word 'sounding' not whether a consonant or vowel is the first letter of the word. 'a dog', 'an apple' with the sound of 'yoo' (vowel sound) we use 'a university', 'a European country'. - Zero article: No article used when you generalising or grouping a noun, i.e. 'Coffee is my favourite drink.' - Plurals: The word 'some' before a noun, can be used in place of definite and indefinite articles i.e. 'Some cats...' Adverbs: Adverbs describe the action or state of the verb. - Manner: slowly, wisely, rapidly, cleverly... - Place: here, there, above, below, across... - Time: now, soon, on, daily... - Degree: much, very, never, seldom, extremely... - Frequency: often, never, once, twice, always... Pronouns: Pronouns replace the noun in the sentence. - Personal nouns: I, me, you, he, she, they, we... - Possessive nouns: my, mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs... - Reflective nouns: myself, yourself, ourselves, yourselves... - Relative nouns: that, which, who, whose... Gerunds: Gerunds are verb words that change (-ing) and replace the noun in the sentence. 'Painting is therapeutic.' - 'I enjoy painting wildlife.' - 'She stresses about painting portraits.' 'Running is healthy!' - 'We find running helps.' - 'He's eager running three miles a day.' Propositions: Propositions are words that explain the relationship noun/pronoun with the rest of the sentence. - Movement: into, onto, through, by, from... - Place: in, at, above, below, under, next to... - Time: at, before, after, during, in... Conjunctions: Conjunctions are the connecting words that group the sentence together. - Examples are: and, yet, but, or, since, because, before, however...