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Unit 17 focuses on different teaching aids that can be used to make lessons more interesting and effective while depending less on textbooks. Most schools provide various resources to accompany the teacher in the classroom. These resources just to name a few include: white/black board, visual aids, worksheets and work cards, cassette record. Video camera, resource books, online resources, etc.
All classroom should have a board which should be well planned and organized. Boards can be used for writing, drawing, and sticking things, etc. Boards also help effectively to draw students’ attention. Some basic principles when using the board is to always make sure that it is legible and neat. Also use correct writing tools so as to keep the board clear and easy to read. Lastly, involve students in the writing process.
Using visual aids can be useful in the classroom. The most common are real objects, pictures and photos. The importance of visual aids is that it can illustrate the meaning of words more effectively, thus reducing teacher talk time. Using visual aid can stimulate discussion and elicit language. it also attracts attention and help with the memory process, etc.
Teachers can also use worksheets and work cards, either made by the teacher or bought from the publisher. They are useful for reading, grammar exercises and for presenting new vocabulary, etc. they can be used to as prompt materials or cards for communicative activities.
Cassette recorder has been a favorite to most EFL teachers for many years, though modern technology has gradually taken over. Cassettes can be used to record authentic materials, record the students comment or for teachers to make their own dialogue for use in the classroom. Before starting a lesson, the teacher must be familiar with the machine, must know how long it would take to rewind the cassette back to its starting point. Also, teachers should make sure that it is set to the appropriate volume, taking into consideration the size of the classroom, the students’ distance from the speakers and external noise.
Video cameras are used in the classroom to record the students during an activity and then play it back to them for analysis and discussion. It can also be used to record student projects or activities. Students may also wish to record their own plays, soap opera episode, etc. teachers and students may need a little training so as to ensure effective usage of the camera.
Several resource books are made available for teachers to use in the classroom. These resource books range from grammar exercise books, through communication books. Resource books are useful for adapting supplementing and replacing material from a course book. These books give a host of ideas and activities that a teacher may find handy to use in the classroom. Some common books that many schools use are: Elementary and Intermediate Communication game, both by Jill Hadfield (Longman). Essential and English Grammar in Use, by Raymond Murphy (CUP).
Lastly, there are many online websites that a TEFL teacher can use as resources. Online dictionaries (Cambridge International Dictionaries online), online lessons, exercises and learning material for students (Accents in English with eViews) and online literature and poetry (The On-Line Books Page), just to name a few.
