Pembroke Pines, Florida TESOL Online & Teaching English Jobs

Present tense As an ESL teacher it is recommended that you teach three different tenses, or times, in English: past, present, and future. Each time consists of four aspects, known as simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous. When we combine each the three different times with each of the aforementioned aspects, thus, generating twelve different tenses. The course emphasizes the vitality of an EFL teacher's deep and thorough knowledge of the tenses system. The areas that the course will cover include: form, usages, typical student errors, and teaching ideas for the Activate stage. Present Simple Present Simple Affirmative Form Subject + base form +s/es Negative Form Subject + aux verb 'do' +not+ verb form Question aux. verb 'do' + subject + base form Present simple (PS) Affirmative form I work We Work You work You Work He/she/it works They Work PS Negative form I don't work We Work You don't work You Work He/she/it doesn’t work They Work PS question Do I work? Do we work? Do you work? Do you work? Does he/she/it work? Do they work? 3rd person singular In order to form the third person singular, it is important to remember the following: • Base form + s • Constant + y --> I +es --> ies . Ex. Try --> tries • Verbs that end in o, s, z, x, ch, and sh + es. Ex. Wash --> washes Usages/ Common Mistakes/ Activate Stage Ideas The usages of the present simple form of a verb are for habitual/routine actions, facts and situations that have permanence, commentaries, directions/ instructions, stories in the present, and the sequence of historical events. Students make some common mistakes with the present simple, such as 'She go to work every day.' rather than 'She goes to work every day.' Common Student Mistakes : What questions should you address? What kind of errors/mistakes? Why did the student make that particular mistake? What form of correction will you use? Common student mistakes and ways to address them: Mistake Activate Stage Teaching Ideas She walk to the park every day. 'Find someone who..' Student-student interactions that require them to complete verb forms. She no (t) like to exercise. Questionnaires Students ask one another about habitual activities. Where works your girlfriend? 'A day in the life of..' Teachers provide visual prompts for students, who then 'construct' the daily life of a person. They go often to the gym. 'Guess my profession' Students question each other in order to guess what profession they might be. Do you wear protective gear? He doesn't studies for exams. Information gap A student is given information that is incomplete and in order to completely gather all the data, s/he must consult with other students for directions. Present Continuous Present continuous (present progressive) Affirmative Form Subject + aux. verb 'be' + verb + ing Negative Form Subject + aux verb 'be' +not+ verb ing Question aux. verb 'be' + subject + verb + ing Pronunciation of the contracted forms of verbs is typically difficult for beginners. These students often resort to the long forms of the verbs and may benefit from drill exercises and constant repetition. Non-progressive verbs Non-action verbs are not often used in the continuous forms but rather in the simple form. For example, love, believe, own, and seem are all non-progressive verbs which can be divided into four groups. The first are verbs of the senses, expressing emotions, mental activity, and possession. Exceptions: She thinks you are right = has the opinion that She's thinking about it = considering Usages/ Common Mistakes/ Activate Stage Ideas 1. Action currently in progress. a. Please come back later. I'm working on my homework. 2. Temporary action that may or may not be currently in progress a. I'm training for a competition this month. 3. Create emphasis on actions that occur frequently a. He's always working out. 4. 'Background events' when telling a present story a. So she was just sitting there when I opened the door. 5. Denote progressively occurring situations a. It's getting cloudy. 6. Action that typically takes place circa a point in time. a. He's usually exercising at 9 am. Common mistakes that students make are: I'm working hard every day instead of I work hard every day. I'm believing in God instead of I believe in God. We are have a meeting instead of We are having a meeting. Activate stage teaching ideas: • Graphs/charts/tables • Mime • Action shots • Pictionary Common student mistakes and ways to address them: Mistake Activate Stage Teaching Ideas He watching a movie. Graphs/charts/ tables (developing situations) Use graphs/charts / tables to communicate information to allow students the opportunity to describe occurring changes. They are have lunch. Pictionary Somewhat like Charades, except instead of acting something out one student will draw something where others can see. They can then guess what the first student is drawing, she is dancing or two girls play volleyball Do you not eating dinner? Noises Students sit back to back and one makes noises (i.e. sneeze/snore/ cough) so that the other may respond with you are coughing or you are sneezing I'm training hard every day. Picture dictation A pair of students is provided with photographs or drawings of actions that they must redraw by instructing each other the actions they see. One student describes the actions to the other student (who is drawing per the description). Both students should be able to see the picture to modify if necessary. No, he is to her left side, not her right side. Present Perfect Present perfect Affirmative Form Subject + aux. verb 'have' + past participle Negative Form Subject + aux verb 'have' +not+ past participle Question aux. verb 'be' + subject + past participle Affirmative Negative Question I have written I haven't written Have I written? Usages/ Common Mistakes/ Activate Stage Ideas 1. Finished actions/ states that happened at an indefinite time/ general experience a. I have tried sea urchin. 2. Thinking about past actions we have completed but the time of speaking is still within the time period. a. It has rained a lot today. b. I have worked out this morning. 3. Referring to something that began in the past and continues to happen now. a. We have been living by the beach for one month. b. She's been a doctor since 2001. 4. Using present results to describe actions taken in the past. a. I have lost my phone! Describing time The word 'for' is used when describing periods of times, such as weeks; the word 'since' is used when describing points of time, thus altering the meaning to 'from.' The past participles 'been' or 'gone' (i.e. He's been to Las Vegas/ He's gone to Las Vegas) illustrate that the action/ event has finished (been) and that the action/event is still happening (gone) This verb tense requires using the past participle, which are often irregular and pose difficulties for new language learners. The following are examples of irregular past participles. Verb Past participle Say said Understand Understood Take Taken Lose Lost Write Written Swim Swum Common student mistakes and ways to address them: Mistake Activate Stage Teaching Idea I am teacher for one year. 'Find someone who…' … has written a novel, has been to Europe, has kissed a girl. 1 Mime: 'What have you done today?' You've exercised/ Have you exercised? She's been practicing since a week. Change the room: 1. Three students exit the classroom. 2. Remaining students change the room in 5 ways. 3. The three students return and guess the changes their classmates made. Have you moved my chair? You moved the desk. When have you washed your hair? Song U2 . Role play. Job interview When did you wash your hair? Present Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Affirmative Form Subject + aux. verb 'have' + been+ verb + ing Negative Form Subject + aux verb 'have' +not+ been+ verb ing Question aux. verb 'have' + subject + been + been + verb + ing Affirmative Negative Question I have been typing I haven't been typing Have I been typing? Usages/ Common Mistakes/ Activate Stage Activities 1. Ongoing activity that is both incomplete and there is a desire to continue performing the activity. a. I've been vegan for 10 years. 2. Uninterrupted activity that recently finished and has a present result. a. My fingers hurt because I've been typing all day. Common student mistakes and ways to address them: Mistake Activate Stage Teaching Idea Use of verbs that don't take the continuous form - I've been knowing her Who has been doing something the longest? Students discuss how long they have been doing something such as play a certain video game, practicing soccer, playing the guitar, etc. Comparison of present perfect with present perfect continuous. Mime: emphasize the action not the result. What have you been doing? I've been cleaning the car. What have you done today? I've cleaned the car.