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The brief overview of the content:
1. Nouns:
*Usage:A noun names people, animals, places, things, qualities, states
*Main types:common, proper, compound, abstract, collective
*Plurals: to indicate more than one, usually created by adding an "s". We have some irregular noun plurals simply be memorized by students of English
*Countable nouns: people, creatures and things that can be counted (car, egg, table,etc.)
*Uncountable nouns: Things that can't be counted (music, advice, rice, etc)
The brief overview of the content:
1. Nouns:
*Usage: A noun names people, animals, places, things, qualities, states
*Main types:common, proper, compound, abstract, collective
*Plurals: to indicate more than one, usually created by adding an "s". We have some irregular noun plurals simply be memorized by students of English
*Countable nouns: people, creatures and things that can be counted (car, egg, table,etc.)
*Uncountable nouns: Things that can't be counted (music, advice, rice, etc)
2.Adjectives:
*Usage: to describe nouns such as people and things
*Basic rule: Size -> age -> colour-> material->noun
*Comparisions:
- Short adjectives : Adj + …er than
Special case: easy -> easier, happy -> happier, early -> earlier
- Long adjectives: more + Adj
- Superlative form of Adj: the (Adj) + est
3.Article: There are two types
*Indefinite articles: a/an
- “a” + singular noun beginning with a consonant (Ex: a ball)
- “an” + singular noun beginning with a vowel (Ex: an elephant)
*Definite article: “the” is used before singular and plural nouns when the noun is particular or specific.
“The” is also used when a noun refers to something which is unique (Ex: the White House, the earth, etc)
4.Verbs:
*Verbs can refer to actions and states:
- Action verbs: go, watch, play, eat, walk, etc
- State verbs: be, seem, appear, smell, feel, etc
*All verbs are either transtive or intransitive:
- Transitive verb: can be followed directly by an object (Ex: eat, cook, read, cut, repeat,etc)
- Intransitive verb: can not be followed directly by an object (go, fall, arrive, come, promise,etc)
*Verb forms:
- Base form
- Past simple
- Past participle
- Present participle
*Auxiliary verbs: help form a tense or an expression by combineing with present or past participles or infinitives or other verbs. There are only three auxiliary verbs: do, have and be.
5.Adverbs: Adding meaning or information to the action, quality or state denoted by a verb.
*There are 5 main types of adverbs:
- Manner: well, hard, slowly, quickly
- Place: above, up, here, there
- Time: now, then, soon, recently
- Degree: very much, really, quite
- Frequency: once, twice, sometimes, always
6.Regunds: A regund is the –ing form of a verb used as a noun.
Ex: Playing tennis is a fun.
*Note: Some verbs such as admit, consider, delay, remember, like etc. are usually followed by the regund form when another verb is used.
7.Pronouns: Pronouns are words that are used instead of more precise nouns or noun phrases
*Types:
- Personal
- Possessive
- Reflexive
- Relative
8. Prepositions/Conjunctions
* Prepositions
- Usage: Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and some other words in the sentence.
- Main types:
+ Time/date: at, on, by, before, since, until, when, because, although, unless, so, in order that
+ Movement: from, to, into, on, onto, by. Off, out, through
+ Place/position: in, at, on, by, above, over, under, below, beneath, beside, next to, near, behind, in front of
*Conjunctions: to join words or groups in a sentence ( and, but, or, nor, yet,etc)
