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Languages are generally taught and assessed in terms of the four skills; listening, speaking, reading and writing. Listening and reading are known as receptive skills. In learning a new language, the essential skills are needed to communicate effectively.
Reading is a process of constructing meaning from written texts. It is a complex skill requiring the coordination of interrelated sources of information.
Listening is the most widely used language skill. It is used far more than any other single language skill in normal daily life. It is not only a skill area in language performance, but it is also a critical means of acquiring a second language.
There are reasons and motives for reading and listening, for a purpose and for entertainment. Readers and listeners can employ a number of specialist skills when reading and listening. The predictive skills, scanning, skimming, detailed information and deduction from context. Receptive skills also present a number of potential problems which mainly connected to the language contained in the text, the topic, and the tasks.
There are basic keys to successful receptive skills that we can apply in a lesson. As teachers we have to choose a material that interest and motivate students, building it before reading and listening. Pre-teaching complex vocabulary and varying the type of materials would be very effective.
Oftentimes, teachers tend to forget the important facets of these skills and focuses instead to grammar and traditional teaching which leads to inefficient classes. All language learners will need to develop their skills in each of these areas, the language classes should incorporate activities related to all these skills.
