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Unit sixteen covered the five conditionals and reported speech. Conditionals sentences use ‘if’ and refer to the past, present or future. In these types of sentences, there are two clauses, the main clause and the ‘if’ clause. The zero conditional is used to talk about situations that are generally or always true. For example, scientific facts, truths, and situations that are certain to happen. The first conditional is used to talk about a real situation in the future that is certain to happen, once the condition has been met. For example, the results of a possible future situation or warnings and threats. The second conditional is used to communicate an unreal present with a hypothetical situation that is unlikely to happen. For example, dreams and hypothetical situations. The third conditional refers to a hypothetical past action and the hypothetical consequence. For example, this conditional can be used for threats. Lastly, the mixed conditional refers to a hypothetical past action and the hypothetical present consequence. This conditional clause is called a mixed conditional because the conditional combines a second conditional clause and a third conditional clause. An example of usage is when someone wants to give a result of an imaginary situation.
Reported speech is utilized to report what someone else has said, while direct speech refers to words someone has said directly. When using reported speech, the verb tense and pronoun may change. Time expressions are also modified. For example, ‘yesterday’ becomes ‘the day before.’
I had not been familiar with the different types of conditionals and the usages for each. I have learned the form for each conditional, that when the time comes, I will be more familiar with and will, therefore, be able to use for teaching purposes.
