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Unit 18 focuses on the modals, phrasal verbs and the passive voice. Modal auxiliary verbs include words like can, could, shall, should, will, would, have to, must among other things.
Modal verbs are used before other verbs to add to its meaning. Modals can be expressed as an obligation, possibility, permission, ability and advice. Also, these types of verbs do not change according to a person.
In the passive voice, the object becomes the subject of the passive verb. The passive voice only consists of transitive verbs. The tense in the passive voice is shown by the auxiliary verb. The form of the passive voice is usually the tense of the auxiliary verb ‘be’ and the past participle. The perfect continuous tenses are not normally used in the passive voice. The passive voice is generally used when it is not known, not important or when we don’t want to say who performs an action.
Phrasal verbs consist of a verb plus preposition or an adverb, or an adverb plus preposition.
The three types of phrasal verbs are:
• Type 1 Intransitive – This type of phrasal verb cannot be followed by a direct object. For example: she didn’t turn up.
• Type 2 Transitive separable – An object pronoun can only come between the verb and the particle. For example: She took her on.
An object noun can either come between the verb and the particle or after the particle. For example: She took Amanda on.
She took on Amanda.
• Type 3 Transitive inseparable- The object phrase and the object pronoun comes after the particle. For example: He got over it. This type of phrasal verb usually consists of two particles (adverb followed by preposition). For example: He runs fast to the finish line.
