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Lesson planning is a necessary part of teaching for three main reasons; writing down what you expect the students will learn and how you will achieve that goal helps you think logically through the stages of the lesson; a lesson plan helps you stay on target and provides a good reference throughout the lesson; and lesson plans can be used as a record of what the class has done and which materials have been used. This is important because all these things aim to help the teacher help the students to do their best in the class, by keeping in things organized and simple while paying attention to the needs of the students and how they respond and learn best. A lesson plan should be simple, organized, and flexible. If it is too complex, unorganized, or rigid it could disrupt the flow of the class and be discouraging to the students.
A lesson plan can include many things depending on the needs of the teacher. Learner objectives, describes what you want the students to learn by the end of the lesson. Personal aims can be what the teacher an area of teaching wishes to improve upon. Language point refers to the lesson and where it fits in with the other lessons before and after it. Teaching aids are other materials used by the teacher to help the lesson go along, for example a video played through a projector in the class. Anticipated problems for the students and teacher can help the teacher anticipate problems or confusion within the lesson so that they can be addressed quickly and easily and not take up too much time in the lesson. Procedure is how the learner objectives will be met through the planned activities. Phase refers to engage, study, or activate. Timing would be an estimation of how long each activity or phase will take up, it may be a good idea to plan extra activities if there is more time at the end of the lesson, but be flexible enough in case you start to run out of time. Class level is the language level the students have. Interaction would be how much the students are interacting with the teacher or each other or working individually.
Lesson planning should be flexible, have goals, should be able to be revised if needed, and should have a variety of activities to so that different skills can be exercised well.
