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Unit 3 is on theories, methods and techniques. Unit 3 is giving us an insight into a couple of different teaching methods. It´s giving us an overview of the history of teaching styles and also suggests the preferred teaching method of this program ( ESA).
The oldest teaching method seems to be grammar - translation. This technique compares the native language of the students to the foreign language. From what I know, this technique does not focus on speaking or pronunciation at all, which seems to be a huge disadvantage in my opinion. Other teaching methods mentioned are: audio-lingualism, PPP and task based learning.
ESA is recommended by this program and explained in great detail. It consists of th three parts Engage, Activate and Study. As far as I understood, these parts don´t have to come in a strict order, in fact, structuring every lesson in exactly the same way might be boring for the students.
The engaging section is about getting students interested in the lesson and may be used as a warm-up activity. Activities here could be games.
The study section is about learning the new information. Activities here could be worksheets.
The activate section is about free communication of both old and new language knowledge combined. Activities could be role-plays or debates (more advanced students).
The text then gives ideas for several games, which can be used in the classroom. It also gives general guidance notes for lesson planning.
