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Unit8 gives a detailed approach to teaching speaking and writing, including games. Just like the receptive skills, productive skills are equally important. Communication is always aimed at realizing one of the following goals: The people communicating have some communicative purpose, want to say something, want to listen to something or they are interested in what is being said.
The unit also explains how teachers can teaching a speaking activity in the classroom and this can be done through controlled activities, guided activities, and creative communication. Encouraging speaking, it is also mentioned in the unit that many students may seem shy to speak in the classroom because of: Lack of confidence, fear of making mistakes, peer intimidation, lack of interest in the topic, previous learning experiences and for cultural reasons. Teachers could encourage student interaction through pair-work, group-work, plenty of controlled and guided practice before fluency activities, making speaking activities purposeful, changing classroom dynamics, careful lesson planning and allowing the students to think about what they are going to say depending on the type of activity. Atypical free or creative speaking activity lesson follows the ESA lesson planning.
Teachers also need to follow the guidelines for free/creative speaking activities and this can be done in stages that start with before the lesson the teacher needs to decide on the aim of the lesson, timing, predict what might happen during the activity, prepare necessary materials and work out the instructions. During the activity, arouse students' interest, remind students of the useful vocabulary structures, set up the activities and explain to students the aim, give students enough time to prepare, monitor the activity and evaluate the activity and the students' performance. Last but not least, after the activity (provide feedback).
Writing skills. Despite the differences that exist between speaking and writing, writing is also a very important aspect that should not be ignored. Some of the important factors to be considered here include handwriting, spelling, layout and punctuation and creative writing. Creative writing should equally follow the ESA lesson planning. Finally, the unit talks about games in the classroom and it's important that the teachers need to incorporate in the lesson planning.
