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This unit focuses on the two receptive language skills that students learn in English classes: reading and listening. It discusses specialist skills like prediction, scanning, skimming, reading or listening for details, and deduction, and presents sample lesson plans and activities that are suitable for each stage of the lesson.
Receptive skills involve responding to writings or audio input and making sense of and understanding the words by having knowledge of language and of the world. We can help students with receptive skills by familiarizing them with specialist skills. Predicting is trying to make guesses about the content of a text through the title or headline. Scanning is finding out specific information from the material while skimming is having a general idea of the material. For both skills, we don’t need to read or listen to the material from start to finish but only focus either on specific information or getting the general idea. Detailed reading or listening, on the other hand, requires careful understanding of the material, usually so we can achieve a specific purpose. Lastly, deduction from context asks us to make inferences about the meaning of words or phrases based from the context in which they read or hear them.
Teaching and learning reading and listening poses potential problems that can be addressed by considering the language, the topic and the tasks.
Language should be below or at the level of the students to ensure better understanding of the topic. To keep the students’ participation at a maximum, reading and listening materials should be interesting. Interest in the topic raises their motivation which in turn, makes their learning experience worthwhile. Carefully-chosen tasks also contribute to the success of the lesson.
A series of easy tasks would not challenge the students while a series of difficult tasks would stress them out. Among the good things to incorporate to the lessons include variety and comprehension tasks that promote understanding. Students would also benefit from being exposed to different kinds of resources like articles, stories, textbook materials, magazines and even brochures and leaflets for reading and interviews, news reports, music, podcasts, movies, and lectures for listening.
