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1. Future simple
*Form:
- Affirmative: Subject + Shall/will + Verb
- Negative: Subject + Shall/will + not + Verb
- Question: Shall/will + Subject + Verb ?
*Usages:
- Future facts and certainties
- Promises
- Predictions
- Assumptions/Speculations
- Spontaneous decisions
- Threats
*Teaching ideas
- Fortune telling/palm reading
- With present simple in time clauses
- Going on a holiday/lost in a desert-What will you take?
- Winning the lottery: What will you do?
- Predicting future changes in the next X years using various topics.
- Predicting what others will be like in X years.
- Songs ( When I’m 64, You’ll take the high road, that’ll be the day, etc.)
2. Future continuous
*Form:
- Affirmative: Subject + will be + verb + ing
- Negative: Subject + won’t be + verb + ing
- Question: Will + subject + be + verb + ing ?
*Usages:
- To say that something will be in progress at a particular moment in the future.
- To predict the present to say what we think or guess might be happening now.
- To polite enquiries referring to other people’s plans, but not to infuence the listener’s intentions.
- To refer to future events which are fixed or decided (without suggesting personal intention)
*Teaching ideas
- Arranging diaries/dates.
- Trying to get out of the date from hell.
- Illustrative situations.
3. Future perfect
*Form:
- Affirmative: Subject + will + have + past participle
- Negative: Subject + will not+ have + past participle
- Question: Will + subject + have + past participle?
*Usages:
- To say that something will have been done, completed or archived by a certain time in the future.
*Teaching ideas:
- Fill in future diaries and elicit questions in the future perfect.
- Invention of an extremely sucessful future career
- Choose a famous historical personage and note down important dates in his/her life
- A romantic novelist writes 300 pages books. He/she writes ten pages a day and takes no holidays. Use the future perfect to answer the questions (How many pages will she have written after ten days, after a month,etc.)
4. Future perfect continuous
*Form:
- Affirmative: Subject + will + have + been + verb + ing
- Negative: Subject + will + not + have + been + verb + ing
- Question: Will + subject + have + been + verb + ing?
*Usages:
- To say how long something will have continued by a certain time
*Teaching ideas: How long will you have been learning English/working/going to school/living in your present house by next summer?
5. Be going + infinitive (“going to” future)
*Form: verb ”tobe” in the present, plus going to, plus base form of verb
*Usages:
- Intentions
- Predictions based on present evidence
- Plans
* Teaching ideas:
- Making holiday/birthday party plans.
- Going to game.
- Itinerary from a courier.
- Make predictions based on evidence.
6. Present simple
*Usages:
- To suggest a more formal situation.
- For timetables and schedules.
- To suggest a more impersonal tone.
*Teaching ideas:
- Compiling or sharing information from airport or railway schedules.
- Writing press releases about your company’s future plans.
- Discussing weekly timetables.
7. Present continuous
*Usages:
- For definite arrangements.
- For decisions and plans without a time frame.
*Teaching ideas:
- Diaries/Schedules
- Role- play
I have learnt that in my class, in order to help my students to easily distinguish the difference between tenses, i should use some teaching ideas in this unit (fortune telling, songs, illustrative situations, etc.)
