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This unit is about conditionals and reported speech. The conditionals are those sentences which contain 'if' or 'when' and they can refer to present, past and future. The five main conditionals are: zero conditionals, first conditional, second conditional, third conditional and mixed conditional.
Zero conditional (if/when + present tense, present tense)refers to actions and facts that are irrefutable. First conditional (if + present simple, will) is about a real situation in the future, that is possible, probable and certain. Second conditional ( if + past simple, would, could, might + base form) communicates a present or future unreal situation that is not true. Third conditional (if + present perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle) refers to hypothetical past action and the hypothetical past consequence or result. Mixed conditional ( if + past perfect, would + base form) refers to a hypothetical past action or state and the hypothetical present consequence.
There are some changes when we want to change direct questions into reported speech, such as:changes of verb tenses ( present simple to past simple, present continuous to past continuous, present perfect to past perfect, etc.), time expressions ( 'yesterday' to 'the day before' or 'the previous day', 'tomorrow' to 'the next day', etc.).
In this unit is mentioned about students' potential mistakes or errors and some teaching ideas for reported speech and conditionals.
I think this part of grammar is also very important to know and teach because due to it we can make the others to distinguish who is speaker,etc.
