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This unit gives a clear overview to the new teachers across various teaching theories, methods, and techniques. They include Grammar-translation, Audio-lingualism, Suggestopedia, Task-based learning, as well as the Lexical Approach etc.
The conclusion is that no one particular methodology is the best because it will also greatly depend on different circumstances, e.g. culture of the students, their personalities and needs.
For me, I have learnt further details during the implementation of "Engage, Study and Activate (ESA)" methodology in my future lessons. ESA includes “Straight Arrow”, “Boomerang” and “Patchwork” lesson concepts. Each of them has varying learning sequences so as to achieve different learning objectives.
Specifically, I realized that elicitation (asking thought-provoking questions) is one of the most important steps during the lessons delivery. The reason is that it provides a good opportunity for students to speak, reduce teacher talk time, making them to interact with each other. Eventually the lessons will become less “teacher telling” but a more “student discovery”, which is fundamental when we are implementing ESA methodology.
In terms of Engage process, I came across some 20 useful activities. I will introduce some of them during my lessons and believe that these will help me to effectively engage with the students, e.g. “partner information share”, “word linking” & “Anagrams” etc.
For study phase, I went through some activities such as “language drills”, “tongue twisters” and “gap fill”. For Activate phase, I gained some more ideas of introducing “surveys and mill-drills” to encourage students the use of vocabulary and grammar naturally, “communication games” and “story building”.
