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It was interesting to note that in addition to the four normal types of a given tense (i.e., simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous) the future tense has a fifth way to express actions that have not taken place yet and even uses two present tenses (simple and continuous) to do the same, bringing the total number of formations that have to be considered to seven. As the unit suggests, the future tenses seem the most difficult, especially for students whose native language drastically differs from English. Using present simple and present continuous to express actions in both the present and the future must be confusing to foreign users of the language. Future simple has six different uses and there is a bit of a nuance in certainty between ‘will’ and ‘shall’, the latter of the two being used primarily in the UK. Fortune telling and speculating what others will be like in the future were some interesting ideas to help teach/practice this tense. I think it could be pretty fun depending on how comfortable the students are with one another. Future continuous has four uses, and I found it interesting to note that one of them is to describe predictions of present situations. Illustrative situations are something I would like to use to try and practice this tense with students. The class would only be as boring as imagination allows. Future perfect is the past in the future and really only has one usage. When using this tense, it is necessary to mention a future point in time, one which an action will have been completed before. Listing future goals seems like a really fun way to practice this tense. It is another way for students to get creative and have a bit of control in class. They could make this as silly or as serious as they wanted. Future perfect progressive is only used for communicating how long an action will have been taking place at a future point in time; thus it is essential to mention a point in time when speaking in this tense as well. I can see where the confusion might arise between this tense and future perfect. The teaching options thin out a bit with the future perfect continuous, like its counterparts in other tenses. They do not seem to be used frequently, though perhaps present perfect continuous is somewhat common (e.g., I have been teaching English for three years.) Still, a sort of Q&A based activity like the unit suggests could be fun and lively. ‘Be going + infinitive’ is an interesting formation. It has three uses, and always expresses a high degree of certainty, planning, or prediction based on evidence. Its form is similar to present continuous, so it can be confusing to students. When teaching my students, I always tell them the ‘will’ and ‘going to’ have the same meaning, but are used in different situations. Making an itinerary is a great idea to practice this difference. Perhaps students could be encouraged to use ‘be going + infinitive’ for very solid plans, but also have some more tentative plans so ‘will’ can be used as well. The use of the word ‘maybe’ could possibly help. An example the teacher could give would be, ‘I am going to go to Tokyo. I am going to see the sky tree, and maybe I will go to Tokyo Disney Land ’. As for using present simple and present continuous for future purposes, I see things getting tricky. All of the usages are completely situationally based, which can be difficult to teach in a classroom. Living and teaching in Japan I have found that real-life, first-hand experience is the best kind of teacher for these things. Still, setting up role plays and diaries is a great start, and I like the idea of going over time tables in class. It would be a nice use of realia if students were given schedules from the teacher’s native country and then told to role play with that information.