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Unit 16 is devoted to conditionals and reported speech. As a rule these grammar themes are quite difficult for students . Firs of all let`s pay attention to Conditionals. I think we come across coditionals all the time. E.g. If she behaves well, she will get a reward. Now let`s pay attention to types of conditionals. They are:
1. zero conditional if / when + present tense
2. First conditional if + present simple, will
3. Second conditional if + past simple , would /could/ might + base forms.
4. Third conditional if+ past perfect would/could/might + have + past participle.
5. Mixed conditional if + past perfect , would + base form.
Alongside with the forms we should remember and clearly expalain to our students where and why use this or that form. Not let`s pay attention to use of these forms . Form number one refferes to actions that are irrefutable. Conditional number 2 refferes to `real` situation in the future that is possible or even certain once the condition has been satisfied.
E.g. He might read it, if he has that book.
Number 3 refferes and speaks about a present of future `unreal`hypothetical situation that is presently not true and is even to be true.
E.g. If I had a rocket I could go to the Moon.
Number 4 conditional reffers to hypothetical past action (or non-action) and the hypothetical past action or result.
E.g. She would have been happy, if she had seen her son.
Number 5 refferes to the hypothetical past action or state and the hypothetical present consequence or result.
E.g. If I had testing this car, I would in a serious accident now.
While teaching conditionals attention shoul be payed to type of the conditional . I think creative exercises can help students to cope with conditionals. The next part is devoted to reported speech and direct speech. Alonside with conditionals in everyday language we use reported and direct speech. When we turn direct speech into reported speech the following changes should be observed. E.g. John said: “I love you! ” , He said, he loved you. So we need to underline that tense change is happening in a reported speech. And as for pronouns they are change too. E.g. Eli said… – She said… I can agree that both conditionals and reported speech demand careful and long lerning. This unit is great! Thank you ITTT!
